2 Zn(No3)2 ↠ 2 Zno + 4 No2 + O2

Affiliations

1 Faculty of Environmental Science và Engineering, Kunming University of Science và Technology , Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500 China. 2 Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University , Leiden, 2300 RA The Netherlands. 3 Centre for Ecology và Hydrology (CEH) , MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB United Kingdom. 4 National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products , Bilthoven, 3720 cha The Netherlands.


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Evaluating the Combined Toxicity of Cu và ZnO Nanoparticles: Utility of the Concept of Additivity và a Nested Experimental thiết kế

Affiliations

1 Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology , Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500 China. 2 Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University , Leiden, 2300 RA The Netherlands. 3 Centre for Ecology và Hydrology (CEH) , MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB United Kingdom. 4 National Institute of Public Health và the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products , Bilthoven, 3720 cha The Netherlands.

Little is understood regarding the effects of mixtures of different metal-based nanoparticles (NPs). Using concentration-addition (CA) & independent-action (IA) models, we evaluated the combined toxicity of Cu và ZnO NPs based on five nested combinations, i.e., Cu(NO3)2-CuNPs, Zn(NO3)2-ZnONPs, Cu(NO3)2-ZnONPs, Zn(NO3)2-CuNPs, & CuNPs-ZnONPs on root elongation of Lactuca sativa L. The CA và IA models performed equally well in estimating the toxicity of mixtures of Cu(NO3)2-CuNPs, Zn(NO3)2-ZnONPs, and Zn(NO3)2-CuNPs, whereas the IA mã sản phẩm was significantly better for fitting the data of Cu(NO3)2-ZnONPs and CuNPs-ZnONPs mixtures. Dissolved Cu proved lớn be the most toxic metal species to lớn lettuce roots in the tests, followed by Cu NPs, dissolved Zn, và ZnO NPs, respectively. An antagonistic effect was observed for ZnO NPs on the toxicity of Cu NPs. This antagonistic effect is expected lớn be the result of interactions between dissolved Cu và dissolved Zn, particulate Zn & dissolved Zn, particulate Cu và dissolved Zn, & between particulate Zn and dissolved Cu.

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In general terms, assuming additivity gives a first indication of the combined toxicity with soluble and insoluble metal particles, both being important in driving the toxicity of metal-based NPs lớn higher plants.